Systems and methods for creating and managing dynamic elements

ABSTRACT

Embodiments of the present invention provide a system and method for inserting a dynamic element into electronic content using a client application. The dynamic element includes a key and a corresponding value, the key and the value of the dynamic element stored in a database of a dynamic element management system (DEMS). The method performed by the DEMS includes: receiving a dynamic element insertion request from the client application; identifying and forwarding one or more keys corresponding to one or more suggested dynamic elements to the client application for rendering the one or more keys on a user interface of a client device; receiving indication of selection of a key from the one or more keys; retrieving a value of the dynamic element corresponding to the selected key from the database; and communicating the value of the dynamic element to the client application for rendering in line with the electronic content.

BENEFIT CLAIM

This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) ofprovisional application 62/650,941, filed Mar. 30, 2018, the entirecontents of which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposesas if fully set forth herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure generally relates to improvedcomputer-implemented systems and methods for automatically creatingand/or managing dynamic elements in electronic content.

BACKGROUND

The developments described in this section are known to the inventors.However, unless otherwise indicated, it should not be assumed that anyof the developments described in this section qualify as prior artmerely by virtue of their inclusion in this section, or that thosedevelopments are known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Organizations typically create and/or manage large quantities ofelectronic content. Creation and management of this electronic contentcan usually be cumbersome, time consuming, and burdensome on networkbandwidth. Oftentimes users create content such as documents, posts,comments, blogs, etc. that include data that is accurate/current at thetime the content is created, but that becomes outdated/inaccurate soonthereafter. For example, consider a post hosted on an organization'sintranet that informs employees of the names and contact details of theorganization's HR representatives or legal councilors. Over time theemployees in these roles may change. Every time this happens, theorganization has to update the post. It may be simple to update onepost, but this problem is exacerbated when organizations have multipledocuments/posts/blogs/website pages which reference one or more detailsthat need to be updated.

In other cases, users may create content that referencesfluctuating/variable data—e.g., the build status for a software code,weekly employee schedules, the current weather, etc., or data that theuser may not readily have at hand—e.g., last year's profits, theorganization's annual Christmas party date, the office's mailingaddress, etc. Typically, in these cases, the user has to check the valueof the corresponding data items, e.g., from a reliable source, beforeentering this value into their content. This fact checking exercise canoften be frustrating and time consuming, and in some cases even in spiteof the checking, the data can become outdated very quickly.

SUMMARY

The appended claims may serve as a summary of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a networked environment according to someembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a computing system with which variousembodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for creating a dynamicelement according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates a user interface for creating a dynamic elementaccording to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for inserting a dynamicelement inline according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 illustrates a user interface depicting suggested dynamic elementsaccording to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 illustrates a user interface depicting recommended dynamicelements according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 illustrates a user interface depicting nested dynamic elementsaccording to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 illustrates a content editor user interface with a dynamicelement inserted inline according to some embodiments of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 10 illustrates a user interface for customizing a dynamic elementaccording to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a method for loading a documentincluding a dynamic element according to some aspects of the presentdisclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS

In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerousspecific details are set forth in order to provide a thoroughunderstanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however,that the present invention may be practiced without these specificdetails. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shownin block diagram form to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presentinvention. Embodiments are described in sections according to thefollowing outline:

-   -   1. OVERVIEW    -   2. EXAMPLE SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION    -   3. EXAMPLE DATA STRUCTURE FOR DYNAMIC ELEMENTS    -   4. EXAMPLE FUNCTIONAL IMPLEMENTATION        -   4.1 CREATING DYNAMIC ELEMENTS        -   4.2 INSERTING A DYNAMIC ELEMENT IN CONTENT        -   4.3 LOADING CONTENT WITH DYNAMIC ELEMENTS        -   4.4 ASYNCHRNOUS REFRESHING        -   4.5 DEM USER INTERFACE        -   4.6 SUGGESTING DYNAMIC ELEMENTS    -   5. HARDWARE OVERVIEW

1. Overview

As described previously, organizations may create large amounts ofcontent such as webpages, issues, conversations, etc. In many cases,this content can contain outdated data, which may be manually updated orif overlooked, remain outdated. In other cases, when creating content,users may wish to include data that they don't readily have access to orcannot remember.

To address one of more of these issues, embodiments of the presentdisclosure introduce dynamic elements that allow users to insert and/oredit data directly in their content.

Dynamic elements are elements that can be entered into electroniccontent by a user. Generally speaking, a dynamic element includes a keyby which the element is identified and accessed and a correspondingvalue which is what ends up appearing in the electronic content. When auser wishes to add a dynamic element, they simply enter the key of thedynamic element directly into the context, e.g., via a content editor,and the current value associated with that key can be automaticallyinserted in the content in place of the key. Thereafter, whenever theunderlying value of the dynamic element changes/is updated, the contentautomatically gets updated with the latest underlying value. This way,users can readily add data to their content without having to lookupvalues they can't remember and organizations can ensure that theircontent includes current values and not out of date or inaccurate data.

Importantly, once a dynamic element is created, it can be used bymultiple users across multiple products (irrespective of whichparticular product a dynamic element is actually created in). Forexample, a dynamic element may be created by a user while adding contentto a wiki page. That dynamic element can then be used by that or otherusers when performing other tasks on other products—e.g. whenparticipating in a chat room on a messaging platform, when addingcontent to an issue in an issue tracking system etc.

Further, dynamic elements can be used to insert static data, such as thevalue of Pi, or the capital of Azerbaijan, or to insert dynamic datathat may change/vary over time—such as stock prices, names of employeesin certain roles, date of the company Christmas party and so on. Anychanges in the value of the dynamic element in a central location can becarried over and automatically changed in every location that thedynamic element has been used.

These and other aspects of the present disclosure will be described indetail with reference to FIGS. 1-11 below.

2. Example System Implementation

FIG. 1 illustrates an environment 100 in which one or more aspects ofthe present disclosure are implemented. Specifically, FIG. 1 illustratesthe systems involved in creating, maintaining and managing dynamicelements. The systems include a dynamic elements management system(DEMS) 102, product platforms, e.g., product platforms 104A, 104B and104C, collectively referred to as product platforms 104, data sources,e.g., data sources 106A, 106B, and 106C, collectively referred to asdata sources 106, and client devices, e.g., client devices 108A, 108B,and 108C, collectively referred to as client devices 108. The DEMS 102,product platforms 104, data sources 106, and client devices 108communicate with each other over one or more communication networks 110.

The DEMS 102 is configured to create and manage dynamic elements. Tothat end, the DEMS 102 includes a management server 114 and a database112. The server 114 is configured to primarily communicate with productplatforms 104 and data sources 106. In particular, it is configured tocommunicate with the product platforms 104 to service requests foradding, creating, editing and refreshing dynamic elements and with thedata sources to periodically poll these sources and retrieve values fordynamic elements. To a lesser extent, the DEMS 102 may also beconfigured to communicate directly with the client devices 108. This maybe done when client devices 108 directly send service requested to theDEMS 102 for creating or editing dynamic elements. It may also beconfigured to service requests for browsing and managing dynamicelements.

The database 112 is configured to store dynamic element data whichincludes the key, value, and metadata associated with each dynamicelement maintained by the DEMS 102. In certain embodiments, the DEMS 102further includes a cache (not shown) for storing the current values ofdynamic elements retrieved from data sources 106. Every time the valueof a dynamic element is updated either by a user or automatically whendata sources are polled, the corresponding values in the cache may bereplaced, such that at any given time the cache only includes the mostrecent value for any given dynamic element.

In general, each product platform 104 is a system entity that hosts oneor more software applications and/or content. Each platform 104 mayinclude one or more servers, e.g., 118A, 118B and 118C, for hostingcorresponding software application(s) and one or more storage devices,e.g., storage devices 116A, 116B and 116C, for storing applicationspecific data. Examples of software applications hosted by productplatforms 104 may include interactive chat applications, e.g., HipChat,Stride, collaborative applications, e.g., Confluence, software codemanagement system, e.g., Bitbucket, and issue tracking applications,e.g., JIRA. Jira, Confluence, HipChat, BitBucket, and Stride are alloffered by Atlassian, Inc. It will be appreciated that the softwareapplications need not be offered by the same organization and that thepresently disclosed invention can be used with any product platformconfigured to interact with the DEMS 102.

In order to run a particular application, the server 118 includes one ormore application programs, libraries, APIs or other software elementsthat implement the features and functions of the application. In oneexample the product server 118 includes a content rendering module (notshown) which provides content rendering functionality as described indetail below.

The product platforms 104 also store product data. Product datagenerally includes: data defining the operation of the hostedapplication, for example, user accounts, user permissions, and the like;and application data, i.e., the content hosted/maintained by theapplication, which can be, for example, issue data (in Jira),page/document data (in Confluence), conversation and chatroom history(in HipChat and Stride), etc. The data is stored on and managed bydatabase 116. Database 116 is provided by a database server which may behosted by server 118, but is more typically hosted on a separatephysical computer in communication directly or indirectly via one ormore networks with the server 118.

While single server architecture has been described herein, it will beappreciated that one or more of the product platforms 104 can beimplemented using alternative architectures. For example, in certaincases a clustered architecture may be used where multiple servercomputing instances or nodes are instantiated to meet system demand.Conversely, in the case of small enterprises with relatively simplerequirements a product platform 104 may be a stand-alone implementation,i.e. a single computer directly accessed/used by the end user.

The data sources 106 host content and make this content available to oneor more users on client devices 108. In the present disclosure, the DEMS102 is configured to retrieve values for certain dynamic elements fromthe data sources. The data sources may be external data sources, i.e.,hosted by third parties or internal sources, hosted by organizationsthat provide the product platforms, or organizations that use theproduct platforms. Examples of external data sources may include systemsthat host the latest weather data, stock prices, movie reviews, songlyrics, memes, etc. Examples of internal data sources may includeemployee databases, finance spreadsheets, team structure databases, etc.

The data sources 106 may be publicly accessible—i.e., the informationavailable at the data sources 106 may be available for anybody to view.Alternatively, the data sources 106 may store at least someprivate/sensitive information that is restricted to certainindividuals/teams, etc. In these cases, the data source may authenticatethe management server 114 of the DEMS 102 each time it polls the datasource to retrieve the value for a particular dynamic element.

Client devices 108 may be any device suitable for performing client-sideoperations described herein, for example a mobile device, e.g. a tabletor mobile phone, a portable device such as laptop computer, or any othercomputing device, e.g. a desktop computer.

Generally speaking, users of client devices 108 are associated with oneor more user accounts and generate and/or communicate electronic contenton one or more product platforms 104. This activity includes any type ofuser account interaction with the product platforms 104, includinginteraction with content and/or software applications hosted by theproduct platforms 104. Example interactions include accessing/viewingand/or contributing to one or more documents hosted by the productplatforms, writing posts, commenting on content, visiting web pages,sharing, liking, or viewing content, communicating with user accounts inreal-time chat interfaces, etc.

In order to allow users to perform these functions, as illustrated inFIG. 1, each client device 108 includes one or more client softwareapplications, e.g., client applications 120A and 120B, that areconfigured to access software applications made available by productplatforms 104. In some cases, the client devices 108 may include aclient application corresponding to each product platform 104 the clientdevice 108 has access to. In other cases, a single client application,e.g., a web browser, may be utilized to communicate with multipleproduct platforms.

The client applications 120 include instructions and data stored in thememory, e.g. non-transient compute readable media of the client devices102 on which the applications are installed/run. These instructions areexecuted by a processor of the client device 102 to perform variousfunctions as described herein. By way of example, some functionsperformed by the client applications 120 include communicating withapplications hosted by the product platforms 106, rendering userinterfaces based on instructions received from those applications,receiving inputs from user to interact with content hosted by productplatforms 104.

In addition to client applications 120 that allow users to interact withproduct platforms 104, one or more of the client device 108 may furtherinclude a client application (see dynamic element management (DEM)application 122) configured to directly access the DEMS 102. In thiscase, the DEM application 122 may communicate with the DEMS 102 torender/update a user interface based on instructions received from theDEMS, and receive inputs from user accounts allowing users to interactwith the DEMS 102.

The client applications 120 include content editors 124, i.e.,interfaces for allowing users to create content, such as webpages,issues, conversations, posts, comments, etc. In some cases, contenteditors may use an iframe element for the content creation area, when auser clicks in the iframe, they can enter text, images or any othercontent in the iframe and once the user is done, they can submit thetext so that the particular user interface currently displayed can beupdated with the content submitted by the user. Any known content editormay be implemented without departing from the scope of the presentdisclosure.

The client applications 120 and 122 may be implemented in various ways.For example, the client applications may be web browser applicationssuch as, for example, Chrome, Safari, Internet Explorer, Opera whichaccess the applications hosted by the product platforms 106 and/or DEMS102 via appropriate uniform resource locators (URL) and communicateswith these systems via general world-wide-web protocols, e.g. HTTP,HTTPS, FTP. In this case the web browser application is configured torequest, render and display user interfaces that conform to a markuplanguage such as HTML, XML or extensions, and may be capable ofinternally executing browser-executable code such as JAVASCRIPT, orother forms of code. Alternatively, the client applications may bespecific applications programmed to communicate with the productplatforms 106 and/or DEMS 102 using defined application programminginterface (API) calls.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, communications between the DEMS 102, clientdevices 108, product platforms 104, and data sources 106 are via thecommunications network 108. The communication network 110 is depicted asa single network in FIG. 1 for ease of depiction. However, in actualimplementation, the various systems illustrated in FIG. 1 maycommunicate with each other over different communication networks. Forexample, the DEMS may communicate with the product platforms 104 andinternal data sources through a local area network (LAN), whereas it maycommunicate with the client devices and external data sources via apublic network, e.g., the Internet. Similarly, the product platforms 104may communication with one or more client devices 108 via a LAN and withother client devices 108 via a public network without departing from thescope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the DEMS 102, productplatforms 104 and data sources 106 may communicate with each other overopen web protocols such as HTTPS, REST, and JWT.

It will be appreciated that although only two client devices 108A and108B, three product platforms 104A, 104B and 104C and three data sources106A, 106B, and 106C have been depicted, in normal operation, many moreclient devices 108, data sources 106 and product platforms 104 may beconnected to the identity platform through the network 110.

3. Example Data Structure for Dynamic Elements

This section describes data structures employed by the DEMS 102 tocreate and/or manage dynamic elements. The data structures and fieldsdescribed are provided by way of example. Depending on theimplementation, additional, fewer, or alternative fields may be used.Further, the fields described in respect of a given data structure maybe stored in one or more alternative data structures, e.g. acrossmultiple linked data structures. Further still, although tables are usedto illustrate the data structures, the relevant fields/information maybe stored in any appropriate format/structure.

As noted previously, users on their client devices 108 and through anassociated user account may interact with content and/or applicationshosted by one or more product platforms 104 using a corresponding clientapplication. Similarly, users may interact with the DEMS via the DEMapplication 122 on the user's client device 108. Using any one of theseavenues, a user operating through a user account provides information tocreate a dynamic element.

When sufficient information is received, the client application 120 or122 generates a dynamic element descriptor for the DEMS 102. Asdescribed below, the client device 108 may automatically send thisinformation to the DEMS 102. In case the client application 120 isutilized, the dynamic element descriptor is received from thecorresponding product platform 104. Alternatively, if the DEMapplication 122 is utilized, the dynamic element descriptor is receiveddirectly from the client device 108. The DEMS 102 records relevantdynamic element information in the form of dynamic element records inone or more data structures. Each dynamic element record may storerelevant information for a dynamic element.

For example, for a unique dynamic element record, the DEMS may store thefollowing information:

-   -   An ID to uniquely identify the dynamic element e.g., 38623.    -   A key provided by the owner for the dynamic element e.g., ABC        Stock price, Pi, Patent Attorney. This field is entered or        selected by users when they wish to insert dynamic elements in        content or when dynamic elements are recommended to users.    -   Where the value of the dynamic element or a part thereof is        locally stored: a value associated with the key. The value may        be a value provided by the creator of the dynamic element, e.g.,        3.1459 or John Dean, corresponding to the key.    -   Where the value of the dynamic element or part thereof is        accessed from a data source: source information pointing to a        data source from where the value of the dynamic element can be        retrieved. This may further include a source ID, a source name,        an icon URL to extract an icon associated with the source, info        URL to extract further information associated with the dynamic        element, a data URL for extracting the value, a foreign key        i.e., the unique ID the data source uses for the value, last        updated indicated when the value was last retrieved from the        source, a request body including the particular format of the        request for retrieving the required information from that        particular source, and authentication information in the case of        private data sources to access the value. An example of this        information may include        -   name: NASDAQ,        -   icon-url: http://www.nasdaq.com/favicon.png. info-url:            http://www.nasdaq.com/market/TEAM data-url:            https://www.nasdaq.com/api/v1/get/TEAM        -   foreign-key: TEAM last-updated: 2018 Mar. 16T05:35:01+00:00.    -   A unit to identify where appropriate the unit of the value e.g.,        AU$, meters, watts, etc.    -   A category identifier. In certain cases, dynamic elements can be        classified into different categories. This may be done, for        example, for similar types of dynamic elements, e.g., dynamic        elements that receive data values from the same data source such        as different stock prices from the Nasdaq website, or data        elements created by a particular team. In certain embodiments, a        category is created and/or selected at the time of creating a        dynamic element. Alternatively, default categories based on        teams, activities, or data sources may be created at a later        stage either automatically or manually and one or more dynamic        elements may be categorized under any of these categories. Using        categories, dynamic element hierarchies may be created, allowing        users to view dynamic elements nested within a particular        category and drill down to a selected dynamic element.    -   Permissions to specify who is allowed to view/edit/delete the        dynamic element.    -   Type to indicate whether the dynamic element is a static        element, i.e., the value data is locally stored, or a dynamic        element, i.e., at least some of the value data is accessed from        a remote source.

The information associated with a particular record may be stored invarious ways. For instance, the DEMS 102 may store the dynamic elementdata in multiple interconnected data structures (e.g., the sourceinformation for each data source may be stored in one data structure,and the authentication information for each data source may be stored ina different linked data structure.

In addition, the DEMS 102 may maintain other data structures to maintainrecords of the dynamic element requests it receives from clientapplications. This data may be used for example to identify the mostrecently used dynamic elements, the most popular dynamic elements for aparticular user/team, the most popular dynamic elements in theorganization, etc. It may also be used to identify dynamic elements thathave not been used in some time.

Table A illustrates an excerpt from an example service request datastructure maintained by the DEMS 102:

TABLE A service request data structure Record Time dynamic ID User ID PPID DE ID element inserted Team ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126378 Jhksa8473 Jk389 2837 21/03/2019 17:12:34 782 126379 Uidy273 Mb348280 21/03/2019 17:13:12 219 126380 Jks2h893 87kh3 283 21/03/201917:13:48 823 126381 Dhk29d Dh34 92 21/03/2019 17:17:18 823 . . . . . . .. . . . .

In the example record data structure, for each unique record, thefollowing information is stored:

-   -   An ID to uniquely identify the request.    -   A user ID to identify the user account that generated the        service request.    -   A platform ID to identify the product platform associated with        the user ID.    -   A dynamic element ID that uniquely identifies the dynamic        element for which the service request is made.    -   A timestamp indicating the time a particular dynamic element is        selected and inserted into content.    -   A team ID indicating the team to which the user ID belongs.

The DEMS 102 also maintains a dictionary of keys that includes forexample, the key names for the dynamic elements maintained by the DEMS102 and their corresponding dynamic element ID. This dictionary may beutilized to identify one or more dynamic elements a user may beinterested in as described with reference to FIG. 5.

In certain embodiments, the DEMS 102 also maintains a database ofhistoric values for dynamic elements. This may be used, for example, toretrieve values of dynamic elements from specific times in the past,e.g., when the value of a dynamic element is frozen.

As noted, additional data structures and/or fields to those shown abovemay be used in implementing the embodiments described herein. Forexample, while value and source are depicted as the same field forstatic and dynamic elements, these could be two different fields.Further, dynamic elements of the static data types can be stored in onedata structure whereas dynamic elements of the dynamic data type can bestored in another data structure without departing from the scope of thepresent disclosure. Further still, the dynamic element data structuremay also store the user ID of the creator of the dynamic element.

4. Example Functional Implementation

This section describes various methods and processes for creating andmanaging dynamic elements. Generally speaking, the dynamic elementscreation and management processes can be split into a number of smallerprocesses—a process for creating dynamic elements, a process forinserting dynamic elements in content, a process for rendering contentwith dynamic elements, and a process for refreshing dynamic elements.For descriptive purposes, each of these processes will be describedindependently. However, in some embodiments these processes can bejoined, such that the output of one process is the input for anotherprocess.

4.1 Creating Dynamic Elements

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary method 300 for creating dynamicelements. Although method 300 is described with reference to a singledynamic element, it will be appreciated that in practice this method canbe repeated for creating other dynamic elements as well. Further, thismethod is described when a dynamic element is created using a clientapplication such as application 120 that associated with a particularproduct platform, such as product platform 104A. A similar process canbe followed when the dynamic element is created using a client-sideapplication such as the DEM application 122 associated with the DEMS102.

The method begins at step 302, where a request for creating a dynamicelement is detected in the client application 120. This may happen in anumber of different ways. In one example, a user may be in the middle ofcreating content via a content editor such as content editor 124 and mayinsert a special character, e.g., ‘=’, or a sequence of specialcharacters, e.g., ‘=+’, in the content editor 124 to invoke the dynamicelement creation process. In another example, the content editor 124 mayinclude a graphical interactive element such as an icon or button, whichmay be activated to start the dynamic element creation process.

At step 304, the client application 120 renders a user interface forretrieving dynamic element details from the user. In some cases, theuser interface may be in the form of a user form rendered over thecurrently displayed content. In other cases, for example, when theclient device is a portable or mobile device, the client application 120may direct the user to another page/webpage from the currently displayedcontent, which includes a user form to retrieve details.

At step 306, the client application 120 receives user input via the userinterface. As a minimum to create a dynamic element, a key (name) and avalue are required. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a simple user form400 for creating a new dynamic element. In this example, the form 400includes the following fields: name (dynamic element key), value, andpermissions. In other examples, the form can further include fields forspecifying refresh rates for the dynamic element, for specifying theunit of the value, for specifying whether the value of the dynamicelement is static or dynamic, and/or for specifying whether the dynamicelement is part of a category.

The key can be any meaningful name that can be easily recollected or canprovide some indication of what the dynamic element represents. Aspreviously described, a value can be directly provided as illustrated inFIG. 4 or a pointer to a data source 106 from where the value can beretrieved may be offered. When a data source is selected, additionalinformation such as an identifier for that particular data field in thatparticular data source, a format for requesting the value from the datasource, and information for authenticating at the data source may alsobe provided via the user interface.

The permissions field can be used to indicate who can view/edit/deletethe dynamic element. Permission can be set to global permissions so thatanybody can engage with the dynamic element, organization level so thatall employees can engage with the dynamic element, team level so thatmember of particular teams can engage with the dynamic element, orindividual level so that only specific individuals can engage with thedynamic element. Further, in some embodiments, more refined permissionscan be applied—for example, anybody in the organization may be allowedto view a particular dynamic element, but only members of a particularteam can edit the dynamic element and only the creator can delete thedynamic element. Once the required information is entered, the user mayindicate that they have completed the task, for example by selecting a‘save’ or ‘proceed’ button.

The client application 120, at step 308, packages the informationreceived via the user interface into a dynamic element descriptor. TableB below illustrates an example dynamic element descriptor. Although thedescriptor is illustrated as a JSON file to illustrate informationstored in the dynamic element descriptor, the relevant information neednot be stored in a JSON file and could be stored in any appropriateformat, e.g. a simple text file, an XML file, or a table.

TABLE B example dynamic element descriptor ● key: TEAM: stock price ●unit: USD ● category: 999 ● permissions: ◯ access: limited ◯ users: { }◯ groups: { } ◯ roles: { } ● type: dynamic ● source: ◯ ID: 27ndkf48957 ◯name: NASDAQ ◯ icon-url: https:/www.nasdaq.com/favicon.png ◯ info-url:https://www.nasdaq.com/market/TEAM ◯ data-url:https://www.nasdaq.com/api/v1/get/TEAM ◯ foreign-key: TEAM ◯last-updated: 2018-03-16T05:35:01+00:00 ◯ request body { ... } ● options◯ poll: ▪ refresh: true ▪ interval: 300000

At step 310 the client application1 120 forwards the dynamic elementdescriptor to the DEMS 102. In the present method, this can be done byforwarding the descriptor to the product platform 104A, which in turnforwards the dynamic element descriptor to the DEMS 102.

Subsequently, the DEMS 102 receives the dynamic element descriptor andunpacks the information in the descriptor to create a new record in itsdynamic element data structure(s).

4.2 Inserting a Dynamic Element in Content

FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary method 500 for inserting a dynamicelement in content on any application hosted by product platforms 104.The dynamic element may be inserted into content via a clientapplication, such as client application 120 and preferably when a useris editing content in the client application via a rich content editor,such as content editor 124.

Method 500 begins at step 502, where a request for inserting a dynamicelement is received at the DEMS 102. This may happen in a number ofdifferent ways. In certain embodiments, the client application 120forwards a request to the DEMS (via the corresponding product platform104) to invoke dynamic element insertion when an identificationcharacter is detected in the content editor 124. In one example, a usermay be in the middle of creating content via the content editor 124 andmay insert a special character or string of characters which may be thesame as the special character for invoking the dynamic element creationprocess or may be different in the content editor 124. The clientapplication 120 recognizes this character or string of characters asbeing associated with a dynamic element creation process. Consequently,it generates an insertion request and forward this to the productplatform 104, e.g., along with the client ID, and the product platformforwards this request to the DEMS, e.g., along with the product platformID. In another example, the content editor 124 may include a graphicalinteractive element, such as an icon or button representing a dynamicelement, which may be activated to start the dynamic element insertionprocess.

At step 504, the DEMS 102 forwards a list of one or more suggesteddynamic elements to the requesting client device 108 via itscorresponding product platform 104. In order to do this, the DEMS 102first identifies the list of dynamic elements it wishes to send to theclient device 108. Various techniques may be utilized to make thisidentification.

In one case, if no text is entered after the dynamic element insertionrequest is detected, the DEMS 102 may generate a list of suggesteddynamic elements based on a predetermined parameter. Example parametersmay include most recent dynamic elements used by the user based on theuser IDs and dynamic element ID in service requests data structure, mostrecent dynamic elements used by the user's team or organization based onthe team ID and dynamic element ID in service requests data structure,most recently added dynamic elements based on dynamic element IDs indynamic element data structure, most popular dynamic elements based oncount of dynamic element IDs in service requests data structure, and soon. One or more relevancy ranking algorithms may be used to rank thedynamic elements based on a predetermined parameter.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example user interface that displays a list ofsuggested dynamic elements. In this example, the DEMS 102 has retrieveda list of most recently used dynamic elements for display on the clientdevice 108.

On the other hand, if text is entered after the request for dynamicelement insertion is detected, the DEMS 102 may be configured to suggestdynamic elements based on the entered text. For example, the clientapplication 120 may forward the entered text to the DEMS 102 as and whenit is detected. The DEMS 102 in turn may be configured to compare thereceived text with its dictionary of key values to identify one or moredynamic elements that match the received text. In certain embodiments,the DEMS 102 is configured to forward keys for identified dynamicelements to the client application 120 device on a continuous basis astext is received.

For example, if the DEMS 102 first receives the letters “st” it maycompare these letters with the key names in the dictionary and identifya list of dynamic elements matching the letters, “st”. If the DEMS 102then receives the letters “oc”, the DEMS 102 may conduct a furthersearch in the list of identified dynamic elements to identify dynamicelements that match the letters, “stoc”. This iterative searching andrefining of identified dynamic elements continues until no more new textis entered by the user and received by the DEMS 102.

It will be appreciated that this is just one technique for generatingsuggestions and various other techniques can be employed in addition oralternatively without departing from the scope of the presentdisclosure.

Once one or more matching dynamic elements are identified, the DEMS 102forwards the keys of the identified dynamic elements to the productplatform 104A for display on the client device 108. Further, in someembodiments, the current value of the dynamic element may also beforwarded at this step. In order to forward this information, the DEMS102 may generate a file, e.g., a JSON or YAML file, that includes atleast the keys of the one or more identified dynamic elements and mayadditionally include the values, value type, category, permissions andrefresh rates. These values are retrieved from the dynamic element datastructure(s) maintained at the DEMS 102.

It will be appreciated that in case the keys are associated with dynamicelements belonging to a category, the DEMS 102 may be configured toforward dynamic element information related to multiple dynamic elementswithin the category to the client application 120.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example user interface 700 rendered at the clientdevice 108 for displaying a list of identified keys. In this example,the content editor 124 includes the text “when our stock price is =N”.Based on the text and specifically, the letter N, the DEMS 102 hasidentified four dynamic elements having keys: “Number of people onearth”, “No of years til Rick & Morty S4”, “Nasdaq” and “Splunk”. Inthis example, “Nasdaq” and “Splunk” are categories or sources thatinclude more than one nested dynamic elements and therefore the userinterface 700 displays the category along with an option to drill downinto the category to select a suitable dynamic element. Further, in theillustrated example, the rendered user interface 700 displays thecurrent values associated with the non-nested dynamic elements. In otherembodiments, the user interface 700 may simply display the keys withoutthe associated values.

Returning to FIG. 5, at step 506 the client application 120 determineswhether a dynamic element is selected from the list of suggested dynamicelements displayed at the client device 108 in the previous step. If itis determined that a dynamic element is selected, the method proceeds tostep 508 where the client application 108 is configured to replace theidentification character, if present, and any text displayed after theidentification character in the content editor with the value associatedwith the selected dynamic element.

FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the user interface 800 and content editor userinterface 900 when a particular dynamic element is selected. Inparticular, FIG. 8 illustrates the user interface 800 when the category“Nasdaq” from FIG. 7 is selected. As illustrated, the user interface 800displays the nested dynamic elements available in the category “Nasdaq”.In this example, this includes the dynamic elements “Atlassian: team”,“Alphabet: GOOG”, “Apple: APPL”, and “Adobe Systems Inc. ADBE”. If alarge number of dynamic elements are present in a particular category,the user interface 800 may be configured to allow the user to scrollthrough the list of dynamic elements. FIG. 9 illustrates the contenteditor user interface 900 once the “Atlassian: Team” dynamic element isselected and the corresponding value is rendered in the content editor124.

In case the DEMS 102 forwards the current value for the identifieddynamic elements to the client application 120 at step 504, the clientapplication 120 may be configured to retrieve the value from thereceived file and render it in the content editor 124. In case the fileonly includes the key for the dynamic elements, this step, i.e., step508, includes the further process steps of returning an identifier ofthe selected dynamic element to the DEMS 102, the DEMS identifying thecorresponding dynamic element based on the identifier, retrieving thecurrent value for the dynamic element either directly from the datasource or its own cache and forwarding this along with value type,permissions, and refresh rates to the client application 120. Thisinformation may be forwarded in the form of a dynamic elementdescriptor, similar to the descriptor generated when the dynamic elementis created, see Table B. Alternatively, the descriptor may simplyinclude the dynamic element ID and current value.

In certain embodiments, when a particular dynamic element is selected atstep 506, it may be customized for that particular instance. Asdescribed previously, customization may include editing the permissionsassociated with the dynamic element and/or updating the refresh rate ofthe dynamic element if it is for a dynamic data value. Further, anoption may be accorded for freezing the value of the dynamic element tothe current value. Accordingly, once a dynamic element is selected atstep 506, the client application 120 may optionally render a dynamicelement customization interface.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example user interface 1000. As depicted in thisexample, the user operating on the client device 108 may be allowed toalter the permissions depending of course on the user's own permissions,change the refresh rate i.e., the rate at which the dynamic element isrefreshed for live content, and/or freeze the value of the dynamicelement to the current value.

Finally, at step 510, information corresponding to the dynamic elementis stored locally. The information stored locally may depend on localcustomization status. If a dynamic element is not customized, the clientapplication 120 and/or product platform 104 may be configured to storethe dynamic element identifier. Alternatively, if the dynamic element iscustomized, the client application 120 and/or the product platform 104may be configured to store the local customization information such aslocal refresh rate, local permissions, and/or local value if the valueis frozen or amended locally, or the date/time at which the value isfrozen.

Table C illustrates locally stored information for a customized dynamicelement in the form of a local record.

TABLE C local dynamic element record ● Dynamic element: ◯ id: 1 ◯options: ▪ poll: ▪ status: true ▪ interval: 5000 ▪ freeze: ▪ status:true ▪ time: 2018-03-16T05:35:01+00:00

In this example local record the following information is stored:

-   -   Unique ID of the dynamic element    -   Polling status indicating whether a local refresh rate is        specified or not,    -   Polling Interval specifying the required local refresh rate        (i.e., every 5000 milliseconds).    -   Freeze status indicating whether the value of the local instance        is frozen or not, and    -   Freeze time indicating the time at which the value of the        dynamic element is frozen.

When stored, the local dynamic element record may be linked to otherinformation associated with that particular page, e.g., the page contentor page metadata.

The information described above is persistently stored in the clientapplication 120 and/or product platform 104 even after that particularinstance has been closed on the client application 120. In addition tothis persistent information, the client application 120 may alsotemporarily store the refresh rates for dynamic elements of the dynamicdata type. This information is utilized by the client application 120 torefresh the value of the dynamic element while that instance is stillactive based obviously on the specified refresh rate. When the page orapplication is closed, this temporary information may be deleted.

Further, at step 506 if a determination is made that the user has notselected any of the displayed keys, the method proceeds to step 512where a determination is made to check if the user has performed anyother function. The client application 120 may be configured to performthis step.

There may be a number of reasons why a user may not select a particulardynamic element from the list of displayed elements. For example, thedisplayed list may not include the dynamic element the user isinterested in and the user may wish to search for alternative dynamicelements. Alternatively, the user may decide that he/she does not wishto insert a dynamic element at this time. In still other cases, the usermay decide that the DEMS does not include the dynamic element the useris interested in and the user may wish to create a new dynamic elementat this stage.

If at step 512 a determination is made that a request for creating a newdynamic element is received, the method proceeds to step 514 wheremethod 300 is invoked.

On the other hand, if at step 512 a determination is made that the userhas simply cancelled the dynamic element insertion process, e.g., byclosing the user interface displaying the list of dynamic elements ordeleting the identification character, the method 500 ends.

As depicted in FIGS. 6 and 7, the user interface that displays the listof retrieved dynamic elements may also provide an option to create a newdynamic element. Accordingly, method 500 may be interrupted at any stageafter the list of suggested dynamic elements is presented to the clientapplication 120 if the dynamic element creation method 300 is invoked.

4.3 Loading Content with Dynamic Elements

FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary method 1100 for rendering an electroniccontent item in a particular client application 120. As used herein, theterm electronic content item refers to any type of medium that includescontent. Examples of documents include chat windows, webpages, blogs,websites, dashboards, a word processor document, etc.

The method 1100 begins at step 1102, where the client application 120retrieves content for the particular electronic content item. Dependingon the type of electronic item, the content may be retrieved fromvarious different sources. For example, content for a word processordocument may be retrieved from a local database at the client device 108or from storage on the local intranet. Similarly, content for a webpage,blog, chat window, post may be retrieved from the corresponding productplatform 104.

At step 1104, the client application 120 renders the content. If theelectronic item includes one or more dynamic elements, the contentaround dynamic elements may be rendered and placeholders may bedisplayed in the positions where the dynamic elements are supposed to bedisplayed.

Next, at step 1106 the client application 120 determines whether anydynamic elements are present in the electronic content item. In certainembodiments, this determination may be made based on a lookup for localdynamic element descriptors in the client application or productplatform database. If it is determined that no dynamic elements arepresent in the electronic content item, the method 1100 ends.

Alternatively, if at step 1106 a determination is made that a dynamicelement is present in the page content, the method proceeds to step1108, where the client application 120 is configured to retrieveinformation about the dynamic element. As described previously, some ofthis information may be persistently stored in the clientapplication/product platform, whereas other information may be storedonly at the DEMS 102 or data sources 106. Accordingly, depending onwhere the information associated with the dynamic element is stored, theclient application 120 is configured to retrieve this information—e.g.,in the form of a local descriptor retrieved from the product platform104 or client application memory and/or in the form of a dynamic elementdescriptor received from the DEMS 102.

At step 1110, a determination is made whether there are any permissionsassociated with the dynamic element. This can be done, for example, byanalyzing the permissions field of a dynamic element descriptor. Ifthere are limited permissions associated with the dynamic element, themethod proceeds to step 1112, where a determination is made whether thecurrent user account associated with the client application at theclient device 108 is permitted to access the dynamic element.

If a determination is made that the user ID is not permitted to accessthe dynamic element at this step, the method 1100 proceeds to step 1114where the client application is configured to render the documentcontent without displaying the dynamic element. In some examples, anerror placeholder e.g., “access denied” may be displayed in place of thedynamic element.

Alternatively at step 1112, if it is determined that the user is allowedto access the dynamic element, the client application 120 is configuredto retrieve the value for the dynamic element at step 1116. In certainembodiments, to do this, the client application 120 forwards the dynamicelement identifier to the DEMS 102 and the DEMS in turn returns thelatest/current value associated with that dynamic element identifier tothe requesting client application 120. This may be done for dynamicelements that are not frozen to a particular value. For dynamic elementswith frozen values, the client application 120 is configured to forwardthe dynamic element identifier along with the freeze time of the dynamicelement to the DEMS 102. The DEMS 102 in turn returns the value of thedynamic element that corresponds to the value at the freezing time.

Finally, the method proceeds to step 1118 where the document contentalong with the value of the dynamic element is rendered on the displayof the client device 108.

4.4 Asynchrnous Refreshing

As described previously, the dynamic element can be refreshedasynchronously, i.e., without reloading the entire page, based on aspecified refresh rate. To do this, the client application 120 maymaintain a timer based on the stored dynamic element refresh rate. Oncethe timer runs out, the client application 120 may be configured torequest the DEMS 102 to provide a new value, for example by forwardingthe dynamic element identifier to the DEMS 102 along with a clientapplication identifier and a request for an updated value. The DEMS 102in turn may look-up the value for the dynamic element in its local cacheor directly from a data source and forward the value back to therequesting client application.

In case a local cache is maintained at the DEMS 102, the DEMS 102 may beconfigured to refresh the value for each dynamic element in the localcache based on the fastest refresh rate requested for that particulardynamic element. For example, if at creation, the refresh rate for adynamic element is specified as 10000 milliseconds, the DEMS 102 may beconfigured to retrieve/check the latest value of the dynamic elementevery 10000 milliseconds and refresh the local cache accordingly.Subsequently, if a user specifies a refresh rate of say 5000milliseconds when inserting this dynamic element in a particularelectronic content item, the DEMS 102 may be configured toretrieve/check the latest value for that dynamic element every 5000milliseconds and store the retrieved value in the local cache.

To implement this, when the refresh rate for a dynamic element islocally customized, the client application 120 may be configured toforward the local refresh rate along with the dynamic element ID to theDEMS 102. If the local refresh rate is faster than the refresh ratestored against the dynamic element record, the DEMS 102 may beconfigured to update the refresh rate with this faster rate.

4.5 DEM User Interface

In addition to creating, inserting and refreshing dynamic elements thepresently disclosed systems and methods allow users to view and managedynamic elements. This may be done via the DEM application on the clientdevice 108, which may render a user interface to display one or moredynamic elements that a user account has created or has permissions toedit.

A user may sign-in to the DEM application 122. The client application122 may subsequently forward user account information to the DEM 102.Using the user account information, the DEMS 102 may retrieve a list ofdynamic element that the user account has created by performing a lookupwith the user account ID in the dynamic element data structure. Thisinformation may be displayed in the rendered UI.

If the user selects any one of the dynamic elements displayed in the UI,more information about the dynamic element may be rendered. This mayinclude current information such as refresh rates, permissions, type,category, date created, etc. It may also include statistical informationsuch as number of times the dynamic element has been used, date lastinserted, list of teams/users accounts using that particular dynamicelement, etc. The information required to render the additionalinformation may be retrieved from the DEMS 102 once the dynamic elementis selected.

In addition to displaying dynamic element information, the userinterface may also allow a user account to manage the dynamic elementsfor which they have editing permissions. For example, a user may be ableto change the value of a dynamic element, amend the permissions for aparticular dynamic element, update the refresh rate, add or remove adynamic element to or from a particular category, archive or delete anydynamic elements of the static types that are not being used, delete anydynamic elements of the dynamic type that have never been used, etc.

4.6 Suggesting Dynamic Elements

As described previously with reference to FIG. 5, the DEMS 102 incertain embodiments suggests dynamic elements to the client application120 in response to receiving a request for inserting dynamic elements inline with electronic content. One technique for doing this is previouslydescribed—i.e., comparing any text entered after the request with adictionary of key names. However, it will be appreciated that multipleother techniques may be employed in addition or alternatively.

For example, in certain cases, the DEMS 102 may be configured to predictone or more dynamic elements the user may be interested in insertingbased on the text entered in the content editor before the request fordynamic element insertion is detected. In this case, any text entered inthe content editor 124 is forwarded to the DEMS 102 for analysis and theDEMS utilizes one or more text or context analyses technique to identifyrelated dynamic elements. For example, the DEMS 102 may analyze the keynames in the dictionary to identify one or more root words and/orsynonyms. These identified root words and synonyms may also be stored inthe dictionary in associated with the corresponding dynamic elementidentifier. Subsequently, when text is received from the clientapplication 120, the DEMS 102 may be configured to analyze the text toidentify one or more nouns. It may then compare these nouns with the keynames, root words, and synonyms stored in the dictionary. It will beappreciated that this is just one example technique for identifyingdynamic elements based on context and any other such technique may beemployed to identify dynamic elements the user may be interested inbased on text entered in the content editor.

Furthermore, it will be appreciated that the DEMS 102 may be configuredto only suggest dynamic elements that the user is permitted to use. Tothis end, the client application may forward the user accountinformation to the DEMS 102 along with the request for inserting thedynamic element. The DEMS 102 in turn may be configured to compare thereceived user account information with the permissions of the identifieddynamic elements to determine whether the user account is allowed toaccess the dynamic element. If the user account is not permitted toaccess one or more dynamic elements, these may be removed from the listof suggested dynamic elements before the list is forwarded to the clientapplication for display.

In the foregoing specification, embodiments of the invention have beendescribed with reference to numerous specific details that may vary fromimplementation to implementation. Thus, the sole and exclusive indicatorof what is the invention, and is intended by the applicants to be theinvention, is the set of claims that issue from this application, in thespecific form in which such claims issue, including any subsequentcorrection. Any definitions expressly set forth herein for termscontained in such claims shall govern the meaning of such terms as usedin the claims. Hence, no limitation, element, property, feature,advantage or attribute that is not expressly recited in a claim shouldlimit the scope of such claim in any way. The specification and drawingsare, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than arestrictive sense.

As used herein the terms “include” and “comprise” and variations ofthose terms, such as “including”, “includes”, “comprising”, “comprises”,“comprised” and the like are intended to be inclusive and are notintended to exclude further features, components, integers or steps.Further, the terms “process” and “method” are interchangeably used.

Various features of the disclosure have been described using flowcharts.The functionality/processing of a given flowchart step could potentiallybe performed in various different ways and by various different systemsor system modules. Furthermore, a given flowchart step could be dividedinto multiple steps and/or multiple flowchart steps could be combinedinto a single step. Furthermore, the order of the steps can be changedwithout departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

It will be understood that the embodiments disclosed and defined in thisspecification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more ofthe individual features mentioned or evident from the text or drawings.All of these different combinations constitute various alternativeaspects of the embodiments.

5. Hardware Overview

The operations/techniques described herein are implemented by one ormore special-purpose computing systems or devices. For example, inenvironment 100: the DEMS 102 may be provided by one or more computersystems; each product platform 104 may be provided by one or morecomputer systems; each client device 108 is a computer system; and eachof the data sources 106 are provided by one or more computing systems.

The special-purpose computing devices may be hard-wired to perform thetechniques, or may include digital electronic devices such as one ormore application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or fieldprogrammable gate arrays (FPGAs) that are persistently programmed toperform the techniques, or may include one or more general purposehardware processors programmed to perform the techniques pursuant toprogram instructions in firmware, memory, other storage, or acombination. Such special-purpose computing devices may also combinecustom hardwired logic, ASICs, or FPGAs with custom programming toaccomplish the techniques. The special purpose computing devices may bedesktop computer systems, portable computer systems, handheld devices,networking devices or any other device that incorporates hard-wiredand/or program logic to implement relevant operations.

For example, FIG. 2 is a block diagram that illustrates a computersystem 200 upon which an embodiment of the invention may be implemented.Computer system 200 includes a bus 202 or other communication mechanismfor communicating information, and a hardware processor 204 coupled withbus 202 for processing information. Hardware processor 204 may be, forexample, a general-purpose microprocessor.

Computer system 200 also includes a main memory 206, such as a randomaccess memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device, coupled to bus 202for storing information and instructions to be executed by processor204. Main memory 206 also may be used for storing temporary variables orother intermediate information during execution of instructions to beexecuted by processor 204. Such instructions, when stored innon-transitory storage media accessible to processor 204, rendercomputer system 200 into a special-purpose machine that is customized toperform the operations specified in the instructions.

Computer system 200 further includes a read only memory (ROM) 208 orother static storage device coupled to bus 202 for storing staticinformation and instructions for processor 204. A storage device 210,such as a magnetic disk or optical disk, is provided and coupled to bus202 for storing information and instructions. If the computer system 200is part of the DEMS 102, the storage device 210 may store database 112or the cache.

In case the computer system 200 is the client device 108, it may becoupled via bus 202 to one more output devices such as a display 212 fordisplaying information to a computer user. Display 212 may, for example,be a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), a lightemitting diode (LED display), or a touch screen display. An input device214, including alphanumeric and other keys, may be coupled to bus 202for communicating information and command selections to processor 204.Another type of user input device is cursor control 216, such as amouse, a trackball, or cursor direction keys for communicating directioninformation and command selections to processor 204 and for controllingcursor movement on display 212. This input device typically has twodegrees of freedom in two axes, a first axis (e.g., x) and a second axis(e.g., y), that permits the device to specify positions in a plane.Additional and/or alternative input devices are possible, for exampletouch screen displays.

According to one embodiment, the methods disclosed herein are performedby computer system 200 in response to processor 204 executing one ormore sequences of one or more instructions contained in main memory 206.Such instructions may be read into main memory 206 from another storagemedium, such as storage device 210. Execution of the sequences ofinstructions contained in main memory 206 causes processor 204 toperform the process steps described herein. In alternative embodiments,hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination withsoftware instructions.

The term “storage media” as used herein refers to any non-transitorymedia that store data and/or instructions that cause a machine tooperation in a specific fashion. Such storage media may comprisenon-volatile media and/or volatile media. Non-volatile media includes,for example, optical or magnetic disks, such as storage device 210.Volatile media includes dynamic memory, such as main memory 206. Commonforms of storage media include, for example, hard disk, solid statedrive, magnetic tape, or any other magnetic data storage medium, aCD-ROM, any other optical data storage medium, any physical medium withpatterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, NVRAM, anyother memory chip or cartridge.

Storage media is distinct from but may be used in conjunction withtransmission media. Transmission media participates in transferringinformation between storage media. For example, transmission mediaincludes coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including thewires that comprise bus 202. Transmission media can also take the formof acoustic or light waves, such as those generated during radio-waveand infra-red data communications.

Various forms of media may be involved in carrying one or more sequencesof one or more instructions to processor 204 for execution. For example,the instructions may initially be carried on a magnetic disk or solidstate drive of a remote computer. The remote computer can load theinstructions into its dynamic memory and send the instructions over atelephone line using a modem. A modem local to computer system 200 canreceive the data on the telephone line and use an infra-red transmitterto convert the data to an infra-red signal. An infra-red detector canreceive the data carried in the infra-red signal and appropriatecircuitry can place the data on bus 202. Bus 202 carries the data tomain memory 206, from which processor 2504 retrieves and executes theinstructions. The instructions received by main memory 206 mayoptionally be stored on storage device 210 either before or afterexecution by processor 2504.

Computer system 200 also includes a communication interface 218 coupledto bus 202. Communication interface 218 provides a two-way datacommunication coupling to a network link 220 that is connected tonetwork 108. For example, communication interface 218 may be anintegrated services digital network (ISDN) card, cable modem, satellitemodem, or a modem to provide a data communication connection to acorresponding type of telephone line. As another example, communicationinterface 218 may be a local area network (LAN) card to provide a datacommunication connection to a compatible LAN. Wireless links may also beimplemented. In any such implementation, communication interface 218sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals thatcarry digital data streams representing various types of information.

Network link 220 typically provides data communication through one ormore networks 108 to other computing systems. For example, if thecomputing system 200 is part of the DEMS 102, the network link 220 mayprovide a connection through network 110 to client devices 108, datasources 106 or product platforms 104.

Computer system 200 can send messages and receive data, includingprogram code, through the network(s), network link 220 and communicationinterface 218. In the DEMS example, the management server 114 mayreceive dynamic element requests from the product platform 106A throughthe network 108 and communication interface 218.

The processor 204 of the service provider may execute the receivedaccess identifier as it is received, and/or store it in storage device210, or other non-volatile storage for later execution.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for inserting a dynamic element intoelectronic content using a first client application in respect of afirst software product, the dynamic element comprising a key and acorresponding value, the key and the value of the dynamic element storedin a database of a dynamic element management system, the methodcomprising: receiving a dynamic element insertion request from the firstclient application at the dynamic management system; identifying andforwarding, by the dynamic element management system, one or more keyscorresponding to one or more suggested dynamic elements to the firstclient application for rendering the one or more keys on a userinterface of a client device; receiving, at the dynamic elementmanagement system, indication of selection of a key from the one or morekeys; retrieving, by the dynamic element management system, a value ofthe dynamic element corresponding to the selected key from the database;and communicating the value of the dynamic element from the dynamicelement management system to the first client application for renderingin line with the electronic content.
 2. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: retrieving by the dynamic element management system, thevalue of the dynamic element from a source external to the dynamicelement management system and storing the retrieved value of the dynamicelement corresponding to the selected key in the database.
 3. The methodof claim 2, further comprising: retrieving a current value of thedynamic element from the external source at a predetermined refreshrate; and updating the value in the database with the retrieved currentvalue.
 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: receiving a requestfrom the first client application for the current value of the dynamicelement; and retrieving and forwarding the current value of the dynamicelement from the database.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the dynamicelement management system is configured to communicate with the clientapplication via a product platform corresponding to the clientapplication.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the one ormore keys corresponding to the one or more suggested dynamic elementsfurther comprises: receiving text from the first client application; andcomparing the text with a dictionary of key names stored in the databaseof the dynamic element management system.
 7. The method of claim 1,further comprising: receiving a dynamic element insertion request from asecond client application in respect of a second software product at thedynamic management system, wherein the first software product isdifferent to the second software product.
 8. A method comprising:receiving a request for loading an electronic item at a clientapplication, retrieving content for the electronic item from a productplatform, the content comprising a dynamic element identifier for adynamic element; rendering the content of the electronic item on adisplay of a client device; forwarding the dynamic element identifier ofthe dynamic element to a dynamic element management system; receiving avalue corresponding to the dynamic element identifier from the dynamicelement management system; and rendering the dynamic element value inline with the content of the electronic item.
 9. The method of claim 8,wherein the value corresponding to the dynamic element identifier isreceived in a dynamic element descriptor, the dynamic element descriptorfurther comprising information specifying a preset refresh rate forrefreshing the value of the dynamic element, the method furthercomprising temporarily storing the refresh rate at the clientapplication.
 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising: setting atimer at the client application based on the refresh rate; andtransmitting a request for a current value of the dynamic element to thedynamic element management system upon completion of the timer.
 11. Themethod of claim 8, further comprising: forwarding a user accountidentifier to the dynamic element management system along with thedynamic element identifier; and receiving the value corresponding to thedynamic element identifier from the dynamic element management systemonly if a user account corresponding to the user account identifier ispermitted to access the dynamic element.
 12. A dynamic elementmanagement system, comprising: a database for storing multiple dynamicelements, each dynamic element comprising a key and a correspondingvalue; one or more processors; one or more non-transitorycomputer-readable storage media storing sequences of instructions which,when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or moreprocessors to: receive a dynamic element insertion request from a firstclient application in respect of a first software product executing on aclient device; identify and forward one or more keys corresponding toone or more suggested dynamic elements to the first client applicationfor rendering the one or more keys on a user interface of the clientdevice; receive indication of selection of a key from the one or morekeys; retrieve a value of the dynamic element corresponding to theselected key from the database; and communicate the value of the dynamicelement to the first client application for rendering.
 13. The system ofclaim 12, further comprising instructions, which when executed by theone or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: retrievethe value of the dynamic element from a source external to the dynamicelement management system and store the retrieved value in the database.14. The system of claim 13, further comprising instructions, which whenexecuted by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processorsto: retrieve a current value of the dynamic element from the externalsource at a predetermined refresh rate; and update the value in thedatabase with the retrieved current value.
 15. The system of claim 14,further comprising instructions, which when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the one or more processors to: receive a request fromthe first client application for the current value of the dynamicelement; and retrieve the current value of the dynamic element from thedatabase; and forward the current value of the dynamic element to thefirst client application.
 16. The system of claim 12 configured tocommunicate with the first client application via a first productplatform corresponding to the first client application.
 17. The systemof claim 12, wherein identifying the one or more keys corresponding tothe one or more suggested dynamic elements further comprises: receivingtext from the client application; and comparing the text with adictionary of key names stored at the dynamic element management system.18. The system of claim 12, further comprising instructions, which whenexecuted by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processorsto: receive a dynamic element insertion request from a second clientapplication in respect of a second software product, executing on theclient device, wherein the first software product is different to thesecond software product.
 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the firstand second software products are selected from a group comprising:Wikipedia product; issue tracking product, source code managementproduct, instant messaging product, or collaboration product.
 20. Asystem comprising: one or more processors; one or more non-transitorycomputer-readable storage media storing sequences of instructions which,when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or moreprocessors to: receive a request for loading an electronic item in aclient application; retrieve content for the electronic item from aproduct platform, the content comprising a dynamic element identifierfor a dynamic element; render the content on a display of a clientdevice; forward the dynamic element identifier of the dynamic element toa dynamic element management system; receive a value corresponding tothe dynamic element identifier from the dynamic element managementsystem; and render the dynamic element value in line with the electroniccontent item.
 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the valuecorresponding to the dynamic element identifier is received in a dynamicelement descriptor, the dynamic element descriptor further comprisinginformation specifying a preset refresh rate for refreshing the value ofthe dynamic element, the system further comprising instructions which,when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or moreprocessors to temporarily store the refresh rate at the system.
 22. Thesystem of claim 21, further comprising instructions which, when executedby the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: seta timer based on the refresh rate; and transmit a request for a currentvalue of the dynamic element to the dynamic element management systemupon completion of the timer.
 23. The system of claim 20, furthercomprising instructions which, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, cause the one or more processors to: forward a user accountidentifier to the dynamic element management system along with thedynamic element identifier; and receive the value corresponding to thedynamic element identifier from the dynamic element management systemonly if a user account corresponding to the user account identifier ispermitted to access the dynamic element.